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Pakistan

Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP): Flash Appeal 2005 for South Asia Earthquake


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A 7.6 magnitude earthquake struck south Asia on the morning of Saturday 8 October 2005, totally devastating parts of northern Pakistan, India and Afghanistan. The epicentre of the earthquake was located 95 kilometres northeast of the Pakistan capital Islamabad. At the time of this update, the death toll in Pakistan alone stands at over 50,000 with 74,000 injured. Both these numbers are likely to increase.

Since this appeal was issued on Tuesday 11 October field assessments have been analysed, operations commenced, and the scope and size of this disaster has became clearer: It has quickly become evident that this disaster is much larger than first assumed, hence the requirement to update this Flash Appeal.

Following the earthquake, the Pakistani Government immediately mobilized its available resources, mounting massive search, rescue and life-saving operations involving the Pakistani armed forces and thousands of volunteers who rescued many, many people. This was coupled with, and supported by, the relief efforts of the international community, which has concentrated initially on increasing the provision of aid, getting access to more people, as well as facilitating medical evacuation and the provision of camps for people who voluntarily move. Over 100 international organizations, including the United Nations, International Organisations, international Search and Rescue Teams, NGOs, EU, NATO and bilateral partners, immediately poured into the country and hundreds of thousands of metric tonnes of relief items have been donated. Helicopters, airlifts of tents, blankets, foodstuffs and medical teams have been arriving around the clock. Local, regional and global stocks of winterised tents were virtually exhausted within days. Yet, as each day reveals more acute needs, it is clear that the response provided so far is inadequate.

Some seventeen days after the earthquake, the unfolding picture reveals levels of human and economic devastation unprecedented in the history of the subcontinent. The entire area of Pakistan-Administered Pakistan-administered Kashmir and North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) is affected: hundreds of towns of villages have been completely wiped out, particularly around Muzaffarabad, Mansehra, Balakot and Batagram.

The affected region, home to a population of 4-5 million, is situated on the foot of the Himalayas, with thousands of villages, individual hamlets and isolated settlements scattered over an area of 28,000 square kilometres. The earthquake destroyed most hospitals, schools, and government buildings and communications and killed many of the government officials needed for the immediate response.

Access to the people in need is a major concern. The majority of roads and bridges were destroyed, not just blocked, and the subsequent 900 aftershocks have caused numerous landslides. These have blocked remaining roads, cutting all access to some areas. As a result, thousands of people have been cut off in several mountain valleys and have still not been reached. Tens of thousands of injured have not been treated as yet, and their injuries, although treatable, are likely to prove fatal if people are not reached within days. Only a few 2-3 weeks remain before winter arrives. Thousands of injured, dehydrated and undernourished survivors, sheltering in the fields in makeshift shelters or in the open air in temperatures below zero, are likely to die unless they can be reached before the harsh winter starts.

Pakistan and the global community are facing a challenge of colossal proportions. The combination of rapidly deteriorating weather conditions, the extraordinary logistical challenges in reaching hundreds of thousands of people scattered in mountainous areas, and the lack of winterised shelter, all indicate that the worst case scenario: many more thousands dead might become a realty.

The current death toll of about 50,000 could double if aid immediately is not mobilized and delivered to the thousands scattered in the mountainous areas. By 25 October, US$ 68 million had been committed to the UN and its partners and a further US$ 35 million had been pledged. The latest estimates indicate that over 2 million people require life-saving assistance of winterised shelter, medical care, food, water and sanitation facilities, with only a small proportion so far adequately covered. Logistics resources are paramount to ensure delivery of those relief items. Camp establishment and management will also be critical to house the millions of homeless. All these must be treated as equal priorities. It will also be imperative to identify and address the needs of vulnerable and disadvantaged groups.

In close coordination with the Government of Pakistan, and based on reports and assessments from the cluster groups and other partners, the Flash Appeal now requires US$ 549,585,941, for six months. 67% of the increase in requirements originally cited in the Flash Appeal issued on 11 October 2005 is due to the extraordinary logistical challenges imposed by the terrain. The provision of air support is required now to move aid to people in need before winter. In-kind logistical contributions (air support, trucks, etc) put at the disposal of the UN operation will be counted against the appeal, reducing the unmet cash requirements accordingly.

Table I: South Asia Earthquake Flash Appeal 2005
Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster
as of 25 October 2005
http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Cluster
Original Requirements
US$
Revised Requirements
US$
Commitments /
Contributions US$
% Covered
Unmet Requirements
US$
Uncommitted
Pledges US$
Coordination
4,100,000
11,900,000
2,750,087
23.1%
9,149,913
657,895
Education
14,800,000 *
29,200,000
600,961
2.1%
28,599,039
Early Reconstruction and Recovery
27,000,000
39,000,000
0.0%
39,000,000
Food and Nutrition
76,700,000
85,270,000
2,500,000
2.9%
82,770,000
4,946,357
Health
28,220,000
55,380,000
1,628,575
2.9%
53,751,425
563,910
Information and Telecommunications
3,050,000
3,195,941
0.0%
3,195,941
Logistics
35,830,000
137,460,000
9,793,854
7.1%
127,666,146
500,000
Camp Management
22,000,000
30,000,000
1,323,415
4.4%
28,676,585
2,570,694
Protection
10,000,000
20,400,000
0.0%
20,400,000
Safety and Security
1,176,000
1,180,000
0.0%
1,180,000
Shelter
60,750,000
95,000,000
1,500,000
1.6%
93,500,000
519,031
Water and Sanitation
28,250,000
41,600,000
2,000,000
4.8%
39,600,000
Unearmarked funding (awaiting allocation by agencies to specific projects)
45,781,383
--
- 45,781,383
18,189,009
Grand Total
311,876,000
549,585,941
67,878,275
12.4%
481,707,666
27,946,896
* Originally combined with protection

(Note: summary of requirements and funding to date per standard Appeal sector appear in Annex I.)

Table II: South Asia Earthquake Flash Appeal 2005
Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation
as of 25 October 2005
http://www.reliefweb.int/fts
Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations
APPEALING ORGANISATION
Original
Requirements
Revised
Requirements
Commitments, Contributions
% Covered
Unmet
Requirements
Uncommitted
Pledges
Values in US$
A
B
C
C/B
B-C
D
AAI
-
850,000
-
0%
850,000
-
ACF/USA
-
1,000,000
-
0%
1,000,000
-
AKF
-
110,000
-
0%
110,000
-
CRS
-
800,000
-
0%
800,000
-
FAO
14,200,000
25,000,000
-
0%
25,000,000
-
Greenstar Marketing
-
1,000,000
-
0%
1,000,000
-
ILO
3,000,000
5,000,000
-
0%
5,000,000
-
IOM
20,000,000
60,500,000
7,670,209
13%
52,829,791
2,403,846
IRC
-
1,500,000
-
0%
1,500,000
-
ISCOS
-
850,000
-
0%
850,000
-
ISDR
-
1,000,000
-
0%
1,000,000
-
MCI
-
500,000
-
0%
500,000
-
MDM
500,000
-
-
0%
-
-
MERLIN
-
850,000
-
0%
850,000
-
OCHA
2,750,000
4,900,000
2,750,087
56%
2,149,913
657,895
OHCHR
-
200,000
-
0%
200,000
-
SC Alliance
720,000
8,030,000
-
0%
8,030,000
563,910
UN Agencies and NGOs (details not yet provided)
-
-
-
0%
-
5,719,155
UNAIDS
500,000
500,000
-
0%
500,000
-
UNDP
71,000,000
90,750,000
3,856,041
4%
86,893,959
3,523,839
UNDSS (previously UNSECOORD)
1,176,000
1,180,000
-
0%
1,180,000
-
UNEP
500,000
500,000
-
0%
500,000
-
UNESCO
800,000
1,300,000
-
0%
1,300,000
-
UNFPA
3,200,000
9,300,000
600,962
6%
8,699,038
-
UN-HABITAT
5,000,000
650,000
-
0%
650,000
-
UNHCR
22,000,000
30,000,000
1,323,415
4%
28,676,585
2,570,694
UNICEF
59,350,000
92,564,274
24,904,886
27%
67,659,388
1,034,181
WFP
88,630,000
181,901,667
17,105,746
9%
164,795,921
9,165,417
WHO
17,200,000
27,750,000
9,243,200
33%
18,506,800
2,307,959
WV
1,350,000
1,100,000
423,729
39%
676,271
-
GRAND TOTAL
311,876,000
549,585,941
67,878,275
12%
481,707,666
27,946,896

Pledge: a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity.

The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 25 October 2005. For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (www.reliefweb.int/fts).

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Table I: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster

Table II: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation

2. HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES BY CLUSTER

2.1 Shelter
2.2 Logistics
2.3 Food and Nutrition
2.4 Health
2.5 Water and Sanitation
2.6 Education
2.7 Protection
2.8 Camp Management
2.9 Early Recovery and Reconstruction
2.10 Information and Telecommunications

3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

4. RESPONSE PLANS

4.1 Shelter Cluster
4.1.1 Objectives

4.2 Logistics Cluster
4.2.1 Objectives

4.3 Food and Nutrition Cluster
4.3.1 Objective

4.4 Health Cluster
4.4.1 Objectives:

4.5 Water and Sanitation Cluster
4.5.1 Objectives:

4.6 Education Cluster
4.6.1 Objectives:

4.7 Protection Cluster
4.7.1 Objectives:

4.8 Camp Management Cluster
4.8.1 Objective

4.9 Early Recovery and Reconstruction Cluster
4.9.1 Objectives:

4.10 Information and Telecommunications Cluster
4.10.1 Objectives:

4.11 Safety and Security
4.11.1 Objectives

4.12 Coordination
4.12.1 Objectives

ANNEX I.

TABLE III: REQUIREMENTS, COMMITMENTS/CONTRIBUTIONS AND PLEDGES PER SECTOR

ANNEX II.

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Note: The full text of this revised appeal is available on-line in Adobe Acrobat (pdf) format and may also be downloaded in zipped MS Word format.

Full Revised Flash Appeal [pdf* format] [zipped MS Word format]

* Get the Adobe Acrobat Viewer (free)

For additional copies, please contact:

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Palais des Nations
8-14 Avenue de la Paix
CH - 1211 Geneva, Switzerland

Tel.: (41 22) 917.1972
Fax: (41 22) 917.0368
E-Mail: cap@reliefweb.int

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